语法
〜かける / 〜かけの
JLPT级别
N3
接续
V（ます形）ます + かける V（ます形）ます + かけのN
语法含义
「〜かける / 〜かけの」表示某个动作或状态正在进行中，但尚未完成。
类似于中文的「正在做某事」或者「快要做某事」的意思。
这个语法常用于表示动作的进行过程中，强调动作的未完成状态。
英译
The grammar pattern "~かける" or "~かけの" is used to indicate that an action has been started but not completed.
It implies that the action is in progress or halfway done.
For example, if you say "本を読みかけた" (Hon o yomikaketa), it means "I started reading a book" or "I have been reading a book.
" The "~かける" form is used with verbs, while "~かけの" is used with nouns.
This pattern is often used to describe ongoing or incomplete actions.
类似语法
① 途中まで～して、まだ～し終わらない ② 〜しそうになる。
例句
(1)
彼は食べかけの弁当を机の上に置いて、外出した。 (Kare wa tabekake no bentou o tsukai te, tsukue no ue ni oi te, taishutsu shi ta.)
他把吃了一半的便当放在桌子上，然后出门了。
He left the half-eaten bento on the table and went out.
他把吃了一半的便当放在桌子上，然后出门了。
He left the half-eaten bento on the table and went out.
(2)
彼女は読みかけの本を机の上に置いて、お茶を入れに行った。 (Kanojo wa yomikake no hon o tsukai te, tsukue no ue ni oi te, ocha o ire ni itta.)
她把没读完的书放在桌子上，然后去泡茶了。
She left the book she was reading on the table and went to make tea.
她把没读完的书放在桌子上，然后去泡茶了。
She left the book she was reading on the table and went to make tea.
(3)
私は寝かけの状態で電話が鳴った。 (Watashi wa nekake no joutai de denwa ga natta.)
我正在快要睡着的时候电话响了。
The phone rang while I was about to fall asleep.
我正在快要睡着的时候电话响了。
The phone rang while I was about to fall asleep.
(4)
彼は歌いかけの曲を聴いていた。 (Kare wa utaikake no kyoku o kiite ita.)
他正在听一首未完全唱完的歌。
He was listening to a song that had just started.
他正在听一首未完全唱完的歌。
He was listening to a song that had just started.
(5)
彼女は笑いかけの表情で私に話しかけてきた。 (Kanojo wa waraikake no hyoujou de watashi ni hanashikake te ki ta.)
她带着微笑的表情向我搭话。
She approached me with a smile and started talking.
她带着微笑的表情向我搭话。
She approached me with a smile and started talking.
(6)
彼は走りかけのところで転んでしまった。 (Kare wa hashirikake no tokoro de koron de shimatta.)
他在快要跑起来的时候摔倒了。
He fell down while he was about to start running.
他在快要跑起来的时候摔倒了。
He fell down while he was about to start running.
(7)
私は食べかけのケーキを冷蔵庫に入れておいた。 (Watashi wa tabekake no keeki o reizouko ni ire te oi ta.)
我把吃了一半的蛋糕放进了冰箱。
I put the half-eaten cake in the refrigerator.
我把吃了一半的蛋糕放进了冰箱。
I put the half-eaten cake in the refrigerator.
(8)
彼は話しかけの言葉を聞いて、急いで部屋を出て行った。 (Kare wa hanashikake no kotoba o kiite, isoide heya o de te itta.)
他听到了刚开口的话，赶紧离开了房间。
He heard the words that were just spoken and hurriedly left the room.
他听到了刚开口的话，赶紧离开了房间。
He heard the words that were just spoken and hurriedly left the room.
(9)
彼女は寝かけの状態でテレビを見ていた。 (Kanojo wa nekake no joutai de terebi o mi te ita.)
她正在快要睡着的状态下看电视。
She was watching TV in a half-asleep state.
她正在快要睡着的状态下看电视。
She was watching TV in a half-asleep state.
(10)
私は書きかけのレポートを完成させるために夜遅くまで働いた。 (Watashi wa kakikake no repooto o kansei sa seru tame ni yoru osoku made hatarai ta.)
为了完成写了一半的报告，我工作到很晚。
I worked late into the night to finish the report I had started writing.
为了完成写了一半的报告，我工作到很晚。
I worked late into the night to finish the report I had started writing.